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18 February 2022
A true understanding of Arizona begins with understanding its rich ancient history. Explore the archeological legacy left behind by different cultures as you discover prehistoric dwellings, the weathered remains of entire villages, artwork etched into rocks, relics, and artifacts. These were all left behind by the first people that populated the land.
Newspaper Rock gets its name from ancient headlines etched into the rock. It lies in the Petrified Forest National Park, hidden among the colorful badlands. There are more than 650 petroglyphs, some of which date back 2,000 years. This area is unique due to its high concentration of rock art. If you want more information about Petrified Forest National Park, check out this article.
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Several well-preserved ancient dwellings are located in north-central Arizona, including the Wupatki, Tonto, Walnut Canyon, and Tuzigoot national monuments. One of the most spectacular is this imposing 20 room, five-story structure built into a gorge in a white limestone cliff about 70 feet above the ground. When early explorers discovered the ruins, they thought the structure belonged to the Aztecs. Hence the name. But in fact, they belonged to the Sinagua Indian people. Pedestrians can explore the cliff house built by the Sinagua people more than 800 years ago by wandering along a paved trail shaded by sycamore trees. Check out this article if you want more information about Montezuma Castle and Montezuma Well.
Rock walls adorn Cottonwood’s Verde River hilltop and run down its ridgeline. A 110-room pueblo called Tuzigoot was built by the Sinagua around 1000 A.D. The tribe was mainly agricultural, and its trade routes spanned hundreds of miles. Ancient peoples are believed to have left the area around 1400. Take a stroll along the loop trail to enjoy the lush Verde Valley framed by mountains. The National Park Service has restored several buildings at Tuzigoot (Apache for “crooked water”) in order to showcase the building materials and techniques used by these resourceful people.
The 25 cliff dwelling rooms in Walnut Canyon were built by the Sinagua, a pre-Columbian culture from about 1100 to 1250 AD. Using the natural contours of the canyon, the Sinagua built rock shelters in shallow alcoves below the rim. Many of these dwellings are well preserved, and some can be entered. Residents lived by farming soil pockets along the canyon’s rim. Although it is unclear why the Sinagua left their homes, it is believed they became assimilated into the Hopi culture.
A community thriving between the Painted Desert and the ponderosa mountains of northern Arizona seems unlikely. However, when temperatures were cooler and seasons were wetter in the early 1100s, the ancestors of today’s Pueblo communities created a bustling center of trade and culture. Hopi people believe that these sites represent the footprints of their ancestors. Wupatki Pueblo is the largest structure in the park, with three floors and nearly 100 rooms.
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Two distinctive Salado cliff dwellings overlook Roosevelt Lake at Tonto National Monument. These ancient structures were built inside natural caves within the Superstition Mountains 700 years ago. Artistic flair characterized the Salado culture as they produced exquisite pottery and intricate textiles. The visitor center displays artifacts from the site. You can visit the Lower Cliff Dwelling at any time. However, only guided tours are available from November through April for the larger Upper Cliff Dwelling.
Ancestral Puebloan dwellings dating back centuries are protected within Navajo National Monument located in a cavernous alcove in the canyon wall. Reservations are required to make the 17-mile round-trip hike to Keet Seel, the largest cliff dwelling in Arizona. Keet Seel is the most intact large site in the Southwest, as it still looks much as inhabitants left it 700 years ago, thanks to a massive rock overhang. Anthropologists can glimpse the distant past through granaries, pottery, petroglyphs, timbers, and corncobs.
The Painted Rock Petroglyph Site and Campground are operated by the Bureau of Land Management and are situated in a lonely stretch of desert northwest of Gila Bend. A cluster of basalt boulders stacked atop a granite outcropping contains around 800 petroglyphs. It is thought that the art is related to the Hohokam culture that inhabited the area between 350 and 1400 AD. Look for figures such as humans, animals, sun symbols, spirals, mazes, and concentric circles.
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When you think about Arizona, there is no denying you’ll also think about cactus. Not only is it the state flower of the blossom of a Saguaro Cactus, but it’s also illegal to destroy or vandalize a Saguaro Cactus in Arizona. But beyond cactus ‘s resilience in the harsh desert landscape, did you know this spiny plant is also packed with health benefits? From cactus fruit to cactus pads (called nopales), the versatile cactus has been a staple in indigenous diets for thousands of years. It is now gaining attention for its impressive nutritional properties. advertisement What Is Cactus Fruit?
The Bureau of Land Management has announced a $2.4 million investment from the Investing in America agenda. This initiative will support a cultural landscape study and predictive model for public lands in California and Arizona. The study aims to assess the impact of renewable energy development on Tribal ancestral lands as well as other significant landscapes in the Colorado River Basin, helping to improve the responsible siting and processing of renewable energy right-of-way applications. advertisement Renewable Energy Meets Ancestral Grounds As the world shifts toward cleaner, more sustainable energy sources, the United States has emerged at the forefront of renewable
Arizona is a state brimming with wild-west history, and one of its most celebrated traditions is the rodeo! Rodeos in Arizona provide a dynamic glimpse into this storied past, blending rugged cowboy skills with the high-octane energy of modern competition. advertisement Arizona Rodeo History Rodeo in Arizona traces its roots back to the late 1800s, reflecting the challenges and lifestyles of early cattle ranchers and cowboys. In Arizona, ranch hands faced the daily grind of herding cattle, breaking wild horses, and wrangling in the intense desert environment. Born out of necessity, the Rodeo was a way for these cowboys to
Arizona’s history is rich with tales of pioneers, miners, ranchers, and outlaws, but none are as infamous as the Cochise County Cowboys. These figures became synonymous with lawlessness in the late 1800s, and their stories spread far beyond the state’s borders. But what exactly made these cowboys so notorious? advertisement The Wild West Era and the Birth of Tombstone In the 1870s, the area that would become Tombstone, Arizona, was a barren stretch of land, home only to a few scattered settlements. But the town exploded when Ed Schieffelin, a prospector, discovered silver in the Tombstone Hills. By 1880, Tombstone
